СВЕРХБЫСТРАЯ ЭЛЕКТРОННАЯ КРИСТАЛЛОГРАФИЯ И НАНОКРИСТАЛЛОГРАФИЯ: ДЛЯ ХИМИИ, БИОЛОГИИ И МАТЕРИАЛОВЕДЕНИЯ. ЧАСТЬ II. СВЕРХБЫСТРАЯ ЭЛЕКТРОННАЯ НАНОКРИСТАЛЛОГРАФИЯ
Аннотация
В статье описан метод сверхбыстрой электронной нанокристаллографии ‒ конкретной реализации метода сверхбыстрой электронной кристаллографии, оптимизированной для высокочувствительного и высокоэффективного сбора данных при исследовании наноструктур с высоким временным разрешением, от пико до фемтосекунд. Эти достижения открыли новые возможности для изучения когерентной структурной динамики наночастиц. Наноструктуры характеризуются рядом необычных свойств по сравнению с их объемными аналогами. Прежде всего, это связано с проявлением квантово-размерного эффекта и относительно большого числа структурных единиц наночастицы, находящихся на ее поверхности. Одной из структурных особенностей является возникновение так называемых нанокристаллических структурных типов, которые имеют тенденцию к образованию замкнутых оболочек, и связаны с появлением магических чисел в распределении размеров. Морфология и параметры решетки нанокристаллов сильно зависят от подложки и модификации поверхности, что приводит к сжатию и образованию границ двойников из-за релаксации поверхностных деформаций. Статья описывает эксперимент сверхбыстрой электронной нанокристаллографии, теорию метода и анализ данных, а также процедуру пробоподготовки поверхности подложки и образцов при исследовании методом UEnC. Представленные примеры включают результаты изучения структурной динамики конденсированной фазы, поверхностей и нанокристаллов, динамики плавления наночастиц и прямое наблюдение генерации когерентных оптических фононов в нанопленках. В статье цитируются результаты нескольких всемирно известных исследовательских групп.
Для цитирования:
Шефер Л., Тарасов Ю.И., Шаронова Н.В., Ищенко А.А. Сверхбыстрая электронная кристаллография и нанокристаллография: для химии, биологии и материаловедения. Часть II. Сверхбыстрая электронная нанокристаллография. Изв. вузов. Химия и хим. технология. 2017. Т. 60. Вып. 6. С. 4-27.
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