ВЛИЯНИЕ ДИСПЕРСИОННОЙ СРЕДЫ НА ПРОЦЕССЫ МЕХАНОХИМИЧЕСКОГО ОКИСЛЕНИЯ ЖЕЛЕЗА
Аннотация
В теоретической части работы выполнен обзор способов получения оксидов железа, в частности, рассмотрены особенности методов осаждения из растворов, термического разложения солей железа и механохимического синтеза. В экспериментальной части работы с помощью методов рентгенофазового, рентгеноструктурного и синхронного термического анализа, мессбауэровской и ИК-спектроскопии, а также комплекса химических методов исследован процесс механохимического окисления крупнодисперсных порошков железа и чугуна. Показана возможность получения оксидов железа различного состава путем механической активации порошка железа марки ПЖР и чугуна марки СЧ 12-28 в ролико-кольцевой вибрационной мельнице в среде технического кислорода, парокислородной смеси с соотношением пар:газ=0,45, воды и растворов щавелевой кислоты концентрацией 5-30%. В работе приведены данные по фазовому составу получаемых продуктов на стадиях механической активации и термической обработки. Определены оптимальные параметры технологических процессов: время механической активации, температура и длительность термической обработки. Установлено влияние состава жидкой и газовой фаз на скорость и степень превращения железосодержащих порошков в оксиды. Проведен сравнительный анализ различных вариантов технологического процесса, на основе которого сделан вывод, что наиболее эффективным окислителем металлических порошков является 25%-ная щавелевая кислота. Использование этого окислителя позволяет, изменяя температуру термообработки от 240 до 450 °С, получать анионно-модифицированные оксиды железа с площадью поверхности от 70 до 120 м2/г, что на порядок выше, чем у оксидов, полученных по промышленной технологии, основанной на методах осаждения и термического разложения солей.
Для цитирования:
Жучко Е.С., Ильин А.А., Румянцев Р.Н., Лапшин М.А., Гришин И.C., Волкова А.В., Ильин А.П. Влияние дисперсионной среды на процессы механохимического окисления железа. Изв. вузов. Химия и хим. технология. 2017. Т. 60. Вып. 9. С. 61-75
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