COMPARISON OF SORPTION PROPERTIES OF SILICON-CARBON ADSORBENTS SYNTHESIZED BY VARIOUS METHODS
Abstract
Siliconoxycarbon adsorbent was synthesized by mechanochemical activation of activated carbon BAU and by sol-gel technology by deposition of sodium metasilicate on the surface of coal, followed by drying and calcination of the samples and tetraethoxysilane to remove the solvent. To study the morphology of adsorbent particles, the method of scanning electron microscopy was used, according to which the nature of the interaction of activated carbon with sodium metasilicate and tetraethoxysilane was judged. Mechanochemically modified activated carbon is a fine powder: both large crystal-like particles and small shapeless ones are visible. During the joint mechanical treatment of activated carbon and white soot, agglomerates of amorphous white soot are noted, which are layered on activated carbon particles. The adsorbent obtained by the sol-gel method has large clusters of amorphous silicon dioxide covering the coal particles, almost completely "hiding" them. The results of studies of silicon oxycarbon adsorbents by infrared spectroscopy indicate the appearance of absorption bands characteristic of vibrations of Si-O-C bonds. For the sol-gel method, the absorption bands are more diffuse. Using the resulting composite as an adsorbent, studies were carried out on the efficiency of extraction of the thiazine dye methylene blue from aqueous solutions and defluorination of extractive phosphoric acid. For the mathematical description of the adsorption process, traditional models of adsorption kinetics (pseudo-first and pseudo-second orders) were applied. It has been established that the presence of silicon-containing compounds reduces the defluorination temperature by increasing the proportion of SiF4 in gaseous products. This allows you to increase productivity and reduce energy costs for defluorination.
For citation:
Smirnova D.N., Grishin I.S., Smirnov N.N. Comparison of sorption properties of silicon-carbon adsorbents synthesized by various methods. ChemChemTech [Izv. Vyssh. Uchebn. Zaved. Khim. Khim. Tekhnol.]. 2022. V. 65. N 12. P. 44-52. DOI: 10.6060/ivkkt.20226512.6694.
References
Beglov, B.M., Zhekeyev M.K. Prospects for the development of phosphorus, fertilizers and salts for various purposes based on extractive phosphoric acid. Khim. Prom. 2002. N 4. P. 1-3 (in Russian).
Vasant G., Krishnamurthy V.N. The fertilizer encyclopedia. John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 2009. 861 p. DOI: 10.1002/9780470431771.
Kochetkov S.P., Bryl S.V., Smirnov N.N., Rukhlina N.I., Rukhlin G.V. Conditioning methods of technogenic raw materials used to obtain binders. Ekol. Stroit. 2017. N 2. P. 16-24 (in Russian).
Pozin M.E. Technology of mineral fertilizers. L.: Khimiya. 1983. 336 p. (in Russian).
Evenchik S.D., Brodsky A.A. Technology of phosphate and complex fertilizers. M.: Kimiya. 1987. 464 p. (in Russian).
Kinle H., Bader E. Active coals and their industrial application. L.: Khimiya. 1984. 216 p. (in Russian).
Smirnova D.N., Ilyin A.P., Smirnov N.N. Mechano-chemical synthesis of silicon oxycarbon adsorbents for purification of extractive phosphoric acid. ChemChemTech [Izv. Vyssh. Uchebn. Zaved. Khim. Khim. Tekhnol.]. 2014. V. 57. N 2. P. 81-86 (in Russian).
Turner C.W. Sol-gel process – principles and applications. Amer. Ceram. Soc. Bull. 1991. V. 70. N 9. P. 1487-1490.
Sakka S. Glasses from metal alcoholatess. Amer. Ceram. Soc. Bull. 1985. V. 64. P. 1463-1466. DOI: 10.35688/2413-8452-2017-02-003.
Popovich N.V. Low-temperature synthesis of amorphous and glass-ceramic silicate materials. Steklo Keram. 1993. N 9. P. 11-14 (in Russian). DOI: 10.1007/BF00683582.
Sergeev G.B. Nanochemistry. M.: Izd-vo MGU. 2007. 336 p. (in Russian).
Gusev A.I. Nanomaterials, nanostructures, nanotechnologies. M.: Fizmatlit. 2007. 416 p. (in Russian).
Brinker C. J., Scherer G.W. Sol-Gel Science: The Physics and Chemistry of Sol-Gel Processing. Academic Press. 1990. P. 908.
Mashkoor F., Nasar A. Magsorbents: Potential candidates in wastewater treatment technology – A review on the removal of methylene blue dye. J. Magn. Magn. Ma-ter. 2020. V. 500. P. 166408. DOI: 10.1016/j.jmmm.2020.166408.
Rafatullah M., Sulaiman O., Hashim R., Ahmad A. Adsorption of methylene blue on low-cost adsorbents: a review. J. Hazard. Mater. 2010. V. 177. N 1-3. P. 70. DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2009.12.047.
Kausar A., Iqbal M., Javed A. Dyes adsorption using clay and modified clay: a review. J. Molec. Liq. 2018. V. 256. P. 395. DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2018.02.034.
Albadarin A.B., Mo J., Glocheux Y. Preliminary investigation of mixed adsorbents for the removal of copper and methylene blue from aqueous solutions. Chem. Eng. J. 2014. V. 255. P. 525. DOI: 10.1016/j.cej.2014.06.029.
Smith A. Applied IR spectroscopy. M.: Mir. 1982. 328 p. (in Russian).
Nakamoto K. Infrared spectra of inorganic and coordination compounds. M.: Khimiya. 1966. 401 p. (in Russian).
Plyasova L.M. Introduction to X-ray diffraction of catalysts. Institution of the RAS. IK SB RAS. 2001. 65 p. (in Russian).
WWW-MINKRIST. Crystallographic and crystallochemical database of minerals and their structural analogues. - Institute of Experimental Mineralogy of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 1997. Last updated: September 26, 2022.
Chen J., Stecki A.J., Loboda M.J. Proceeding of the International Conference on Silicon Carbide and Related Materials. Res. Triangle Park. 1999. V. 1. P. 273-276.
Nabil M., Mahmoud K.R., El-Shaer A., Nayber H.A. Preparation of crystalline silica (quartz, cristobalite, and tridymite) and amorphous silica powder (one step). J. Phys. Chem. Solids. 2018. N 121. P. 22 – 26. DOI: 10.1016/J.JPCS.2018.05.001.
Mazo M.A., Tamayo A., Rubio J. Highly micro- and mesoporous oxycarbide derived materials from HF etch-ing of silicon oxycarbide materials. Micropor. Mesopor. Mater. 2019. N 289. P. 1 – 15. DOI: 10.1016/J.MICROMESO.2019.109614.
Feng J., Xiao Y., Jiang Y., Feng J. Synthesis, structure, and properties of silicon oxycarbide aerogels derived from tetraethylortosilicate/polydimethylsiloxane. Ceram. Int. 2015. N 41. P. 5281 – 5286. DOI: 10.1016/j.ceramint.2014.11.111.
Smirnova D.N., Smirnov N.N., Yudina T.F., Beilina N.Yu., Elizarov P.G. Silicon-carbon adsorbent for puri-fication of extractive phosphoric acid and extraction of rare earth elements from it. ChemChemTech [Izv. Vyssh. Uchebn. Zaved. Khim. Khim. Tekhnol.]. 2014. V. 57. N 5. P. 59-62 (in Russian).
Lokshin E.P., Tareeva O.A., Sedneva T.A., Elizarova I.R. Production of phosphoric acid by sorption conversion of apatite concentrate using sulfonic cation exchanger in sodium or potassium forms. ChemChemTech [Izv. Vyssh. Uchebn. Zaved. Khim. Khim. Tekhnol.]. 2020. V. 63. N 1. P. 78-85. DOI:10.6060/ivkkt.20206301.5851.
