КОМПОЗИЦИИ НА ОСНОВЕ НЕИОНОГЕННОГО ПОВЕРХНОСТНО-АКТИВНОГО ВЕЩЕСТВА ИЗ ЖИРНЫХ КИСЛОТ КУКУРУЗНОГО МАСЛА И ДИЭТАНОЛАМИНА
Аннотация
На основе неионогенного поверхностно-активного вещества из жирных кислот кукурузного масла и диэтаноламина разработаны композиции. С использованием современных методов и приборов исследованы коллоидно-химические и физико-химические свойства композиций. Доказано, что разработанные композиции обладают поверхностно-активными свойствами. Определено значение критической концентрации мицеллообразования, которое составило 0,5-1,0 г/дм3. При этом поверхностное натяжение растворов композиций при концентрации 1,0 г/дм3 составляет 34,2-36,0 мН/м. Отмечено наличие смачивающих свойств композиций поверхностно-активных веществ по отношению к гидрофильной (желатиновой) поверхности. Так, оценка краевого угла смачивания при концентрации композиций 1,0 г/дм3 показала значения 87,0-96,0 °. Подтверждено наличие эмульгирующих свойств композиций (стабильность более 2 ч) по отношению к индустриальному маслу. Определена концентрация эмульсий водных растворов композиций поверхностно-активных веществ (4,0 г/дм3), при которой отслеживается наибольшая устойчивость. Измерения проводили в температурном диапазоне от 20 до 40 ºС. Установлена принадлежность разработанных систем к высокодисперсным с диаметром частиц в интервале от 10,0 нм до 1,0 мкм. При этом системы характеризуются монодисперсностью. Размеры частиц до достижения критической концентрации мицеллообразования составляют 80,1-112,1 нм, в точке критической концентрации мицеллообразования – 144,8-195,0 нм, а после – 174,0-272,2 нм. Экспериментально доказана агрегативная устойчивость изучаемых композиций. Таким образом, их частицы не предрасположены к быстрой коагуляции до достижения критической концентрации мицеллообразования. При этом значения дзета-потенциала ниже ± 10 мВ не зарегистрированы. По результатам исследований рекомендованы к применению все композиции, но композиции c содержанием анионного ПАВ 35-40% и неионного ПАВ 7% обладают оптимальным набором показателей.
Для цитирования:
Лутфуллина Г.Г., Фатхутдинова А.А., Проскурина В.Е. Композиции на основе неионогенного поверхностно-активного вещества из жирных кислот кукурузного масла и диэтаноламина. Изв. вузов. Химия и хим. технология. 2025. Т. 68. Вып. 6. С. 83-91. DOI: 10.6060/ivkkt.20256806.7154.
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