ОБЗОР МЕТОДОВ РАЗДЕЛЕНИЯ ОРГАНИЧЕСКИХ И НЕОРГАНИЧЕСКИХ ХИМИЧЕСКИХ ВЕЩЕСТВ С ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЕМ МЕМБРАННОЙ ДИСТИЛЛЯЦИИ
Аннотация
Мембранные методы разделения все чаще используются благодаря своим преимуществам. Они применяются для дополнения или замены энергоемких операций разделения, включая дистилляцию и выпаривание. Большинство операций мембранного разделения работают при низких и средних температурах, поэтому требуют меньше энергии. Кроме того, эти операции позволяют миниатюризировать размеры оборудования. Надежность, отказоустойчивость, возможность масштабирования и экономичность – это лишь некоторые из дополнительных преимуществ, которые они могут предложить. В этом обзоре подробно рассматриваются принципы и применение мембранной дистилляции, особенно для менее изученных задач разделения, таких как разделение органических и неорганических веществ. Традиционно мембранная дистилляция использовалась для опреснения морской воды, очистки солоноватой воды, а также для обработки рассолов. Мембранная дистилляция также все чаще используется для извлечения этилового спирта из разбавленных растворов, например, из ферментационных сред. В этом обзоре также рассмотрено разделение других летучих/нелетучих органических или неорганических химических веществ с использованием мембранной дистилляции. Это включает в себя применение для разделения фруктовых соков, сахара, ароматизаторов, вкусовых добавок, органических и неорганических веществ, а также других различных соединений. В данном обзоре рассматриваются технические аспекты, такие как конфигурация мембранного модуля, применение в конкретных случаях, материалы мембран, сравнение с другими методами разделения на основе мембран для данного процесса, промышленное применение и учет стоимости.
Для цитирования:
Джадхав Х.Р., Махаджан И.С. Обзор методов разделения органических и неорганических химических веществ с использованием мембранной дистилляции. Изв. вузов. Химия и хим. технология. 2026. Т. 69. Вып. 4. С. 6-16. DOI: 10.6060/ivkkt.20266904.6878.
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