ELECTROCHEMICAL BEHAVIOR OF SILVER IN CHLORIDE-CONTAINING SOLUTIONS AT CYCLIC POLARIZATION
Abstract
The article presents the results of a study of the electrochemical behavior of silver in solutions of 0.9% sodium chloride, 0.5% hydrochloric acid and 0.9% sodium chloride with the addition of 1.5% citric acid under conditions of cyclic polarization. It was found that, upon cyclic polarization in a NaCl solution, silver chloride, which forms on the surface during the anodic half-cycle, is completely reduced during the cathodic polarization period. This is confirmed by the equality of the amount of electricity passed during the anode and cathodic half-cycles. The use of acidic solutions accelerates the process of anodic oxidation of silver. During the cycling of the potential, an increase in anodic and cathodic currents is observed due to the formation of a more developed electrode surface. The most intense redox processes occur in an electrolyte based on sodium chloride with the addition of citric acid. This is due to the staged occurrence of the anodic oxidation of silver with the formation of silver citrate as an intermediate product, which has a higher solubility in comparison with AgCl. Studies of electrodes by scanning electron microscopy have shown that the use of the studied chloride-containing solutions for the electrochemical modification of silver provides the formation of AgCl crystals with a size of 0.2 to 0.5 μm on the silver surface. Silver electrodes, the surface of which was subjected to electrochemical modification in an electrolyte based on sodium chloride with the addition of citric acid, are characterized by a stable electrode potential immediately after immersion in a solution that simulates the human biological environment. This is important when registering biopotentials using coaxial needle electrodes with a silver central element.
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