ISOPROPANOL IS AN EFFECTIVE COMPLEXING AGENT FOR CYCLODEХTRIN BIOTECHNOLOGY
Abstract
Isopropanol has been proposed as a complexing agent for the biotechnology of cyclodextrins. It has been shown that this solvent has a universal affinity for the alpha- (α-), beta- (β-) and gamma- (γ-) homologues of CD, which leads to an increase in the yields of all cyclic forms equally. The investigated complexant showed a positive effect independent of the specificity of cyclizing enzymes in the process of starch transformation. The choice of the main enzyme (CGTase) of the bacterium Paenibacillus ehimensis IB-739 is associated with its kinetic characteristic to form CD homologues, having a stable α:β:γ ratio independent of the substrate concentration (32.7:50.3: 17.0%) at the exit of the conversion process. The mixture of cyclodextrins obtained with the participation of this enzyme, consisting of three forms, is especially in demand in processes where it is required to obtain a complex with substances whose composition is not homogeneous. The synergistic effect of the solvent (5%vol.) and the enzyme CGTase of the bacterium P. ehimensis IB-739 ensured the transformation of 10% potato starch with a CD yield of up to 77%. The complexing agent has a number of technical, economic and environmental advantages. Firstly, low toxicity, which makes it possible to avoid the difficulties of further deep purification of CD from trace amounts of solvent (no more than 1-3 ppm). Secondly, good solubility in water, which reduces energy consumption for stirring the reaction medium. Third, the presence of isopropanol in the reaction mixture softens the requirements for aseptic process. Fourth, the low cost and the availability of the complexant, the production of which in Russia exceeds 30 thousand tons per year. Fifth, the boiling point of the isopropanol: water azeotropic mixture is 80.4 °C, which leads to a fairly low cost of solvent regeneration.
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