SYNTHESIS AND STUDY OF PROPERTIES OF SURFACTANTS BASED ON FAT ACIDS OF PALM OIL AND METHANOL
Abstract
A new product was obtained with the use of methyl alcohol and fatty acids of palm oil. The series of experimens were performed to reveal its composition and properties with the use of modern devices and methods. The results of IR-spectroscopy have approved the presence of specific functional groups: hydroxylic, ester, carboxylic and sulfonate ones. The results of studies have shown that the synthesized substance posesses the surfactant properties: wetting, foaming, detersive; and it has a relatively low surface energy. It belongs to the group of high-despersity and mono-dispersity systems and takes an intermediate position between micro- and nano-particles. It was shown, that the contact angle of the water solution of the surfactant under study equals to at least 90 degrees and practically does not depend on the nature of wetted surface (eather hydrophylic or hydrofobic). It was founded that the foam expansion ratio and its stability are high and lay in direct relation with the substance concentration. It was found that relating to the protein composition, the detergent power of the surfactant is higher (up to 90 %) than regarding to pigment-and-oil contamination. Measuring the values of surface tension by Willhelm plate-bearing method allowed defining the critical concentration of micelle formation of 4.0 g/dm3, at which the maximum wetting is achieved. It was found that the synthezised product have a low emulsifying power towards the motor, machine oil and animal fat. Besides, the highest stability of emulsion was observed towards the machine oil (at concentration of synthesized product of 2.0 g/dm3). The emulsion stability can be increased by making compositions including the non-ionogenic surfactants. Moreover, it was found that the product under study is characterized by the high aggregative stability, since the achieved values of zeta-potential are in the range of 30 mB< ζ < -30 mB. The developed product belongs to the anionic surfactants, with рН of water solution of 7-8. It has a good water solubility. According to results of the hydrophylic-and-lipophylic balance, the synthesyzed surfactant belongs to detergents.
Forcitation:
Lutfullina G.G., Guseva K.S., Grishin P.B., Khairutdinova R.I. Synthesis and study of properties of surfactants based on fat acids of palm oil and methanol. Izv. Vyssh. Uchebn. Zaved. Khim. Khim. Tekhnol. 2018. V. 61. N 6. P. 88-95
References
Lutfullina G.G., Abdullin I.Sh., Zobov V.V., Vagapov B.R. Research of the properties of the detergent preparation on the basis of surface active substances of various nature. Izv. Vyssh. Uchebn. Zaved. Khim. Khim. Tekhnol. 2012. V. 55. N 9. P. 103-106 (in Russian).
Lutfullina G.G., Abdullin I.Sh. Amine containing surfactants in energy and resource saving technologies of production of tan-nery and fur semi-finished products. Kazan: KNITU. 2016. P. 368. (in Russian).
Lutfullina G.G., Abdullin I. Sh., Bujanova A.G. Study of Surface Active Characteristics of Developed Detergent for Fur Treatment Tenside, Surfactans, Detergents. 2013. N 2. P. 90-92.
Lange K.R. Surfactants: synthesis, properties, analysis, application. SPb.: Professiya. 2004. P. 240. (in Russian)
Pletnev M.Yu., Kolesnikova E.N., Glukhareva N.A. Kozyrev Yu.N. Surfactant: Handbook. M.: LLC "Firma Klavel". 2002. Р. 786. (in Russian)
Lutfullina G.G., Ostrovskaya A.V., Abdullin I.Sh., Vasilyev V.A. RF Patent N 2195499.2002. (in Russian)
Lutfullina G.G., Abdullin I.Sh., Khaiydarova L.M. RF Patent N 2459873. 2012. (in Russian)
Lutfullina G.G., Sysoev V.A., Abdullin I.Sh. Technology of fur: special chapters. M.: OOO "Publishing House Yurayt". 2017. P. 177. (in Russian)
Lutfullina G.G., Guseva K.S., Khaiyrutdinova R.I. Preparatory processes for the production of fur coats with the participation of surfactant compositions. Vest. Kazan. Tekhhnol. Universiteta. 2016. V. 19. N 17. P. 148-150 (in Russian).
Lutfullina G.G., Guseva K.S., Martynova K.E. Investigation of the structure and properties of the methyl ester of sodium sul-fonate from palm oil. Vest. Kazan. Tekhhnol. Universiteta. 2014. N 22. P. 73-74 (in Russian).
Lutfullina G.G. New in the treatment of rabbit skins. Vest. Kazan. Tekhhnol. Universiteta. 2012. N 13. P. 75-77 (in Russian).
Lutfullina G.G., Akhmetova D.I., Abdullin I.Sh. Synthesis and study of surfactant properties of surfactants based on fatty acids of tall oil. Vest. Kazan. Tekhhnol. Universiteta. 2011. N 11. Р. 111-113 (in Russian).
Lutfullina G.G. Studies of the characteristics of the properties of synthesized diethanolamides. Vest. Kazan. Tekhhnol. Universi-teta. 2011. N 6. Р. 44-47 (in Russian).
Lutfullina G.G., Zinaatullina Z.A., Bulygina K.A. On effect of developed degreasing compositions on preparatory processes for the production of fur sheepskin. Vest. Kazan. Tekhhnol. Universiteta. 2017. V. 20. N 4. Р. 74-76 (in Russian).
Lutfullina G.G., Khazimuratov R.R. On the influence of anionic surfactant from plant material on the process of soaking rabbit skins. Vest. Kazan. Tekhhnol. Universiteta. 2016. N 7. Р. 81-82 (in Russian).
Lutfullina G.G., Akhverdiev R.F., Abdullin I.Sh., Khaiydarova L.M. Development and optimization of detergent composition for sheepskin processing. Izv. universities. Tekhnologiya Legkoiy Promysh. 2011. N 1. P. 30-32 (in Russian).
Faiyngold S., Kuusk A., Kiyk H. Chemistry of anionic and ampholotic nitrogen-containing surfaces. Tallin: Valgus. 1984. P. 156. (in Russian).
Nikolaev P.V., Kozlov N.A., Petrova S.N. Bases of chemistry and manufacturing process of synthetic detergents. Ivanovo: ISUCT. 2007. P. 116. (in Russian).
Silverstein R., Bassler G., Morril T. Spectrometric identification of organic compositions. M.: Mir. 1977. P. 592. (in Russian).
Summ B.D. Foundations of colloid chemistry. M.: Publishing house center "Academy". 2009. P. 240. (in Russian).
