WATER-SWELLING RUBBERS FILLED WITH MODIFIED COTTON POWDER
Abstract
In the course of this study, the possibility of using powdered cotton cellulose as a water-swelling filler (WSF), which made it possible to improve the strength characteristics of rubbers in comparison with Na-carboxymethyl cellulose (Na-CMC), was studied. Compound scorch time and optimum time of vulcanization of the samples with WSF remained at the level of the sample without WSF. Minimum and maximum torques of the samples with WSF increased. That indicates an increase in the viscosity of the compounds. The introduction of powdered cotton cellulose led to an increase in Shore A hardness of the rubbers up to 40% and a slight decrease in reflection elasticity of the rubbers compared to the control. It was found that tensile strength of the samples filled with powdered cotton cellulose was 3 times higher compared to the rubbers filled with Na-CMC. Reducing viscosity of the rubbers with WSF was achieved using plasticizers PN-6 (a mixture of aromatic hydrocarbons) and T-92 (a mixture of dioxane ethers and alcohols) in an amount of 30 parts per 100 parts of rubber by weight. The introduction of the plasticizers made it possible to reduce Shore A hardness in comparison with the samples without the plasticizers by 7-12%. The introduction of PN-6 and T-92 plasticizers into rubber compounds, both containing mixed swelling polymers from Na-CMC and powdered cellulose, or individually, reduced tensile strength of the rubbers in comparison with the samples without the plasticizers. At the same time, with the introduction of T-92, tensile strength of the samples decreased to a lesser extent than with the introduction of PN-6 plasticizer. It was found that when replacing the water-swellable Na-CMC filler with powdered cotton cellulose, the degree of rubbers swelling decreases both in alkaline and acidic environments.
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