ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЕ МЕХАНОХИМИЧЕСКОЙ И ПЛАЗМОХИМИЧЕСКОЙ ОБРАБОТОК ПРИ СИНТЕЗЕ КАТАЛИТИЧЕСКИХ СИСТЕМ НА ОСНОВЕ ВЕРМИКУЛИТА И ОКСИХЛОРИДА ЦИРКОНИЯ
Аннотация
В работе исследованы различные подходы к синтезу каталитических систем на основе вермикулита и диоксида циркония, базирующиеся на использовании механохимической и плазмохимической обработок. Определено их влияние на структуру и свойства катализаторов для удаления токсичного 2,4-дихлорфенола из водного раствора. Процесс механохимической активации (МХА) контролируется с помощью рентгенофазового анализа, инфракрасной спектрометрии и сканирующей электронной микроскопии. Размер частиц вермикулита измерялся с помощью сканирующей электронной микроскопии и рассчитан с использованием данных рентгеновской дифракционной спектроскопии. Для характеристики степени механохимической активации были использованы размеры областей когерентного рассеивания и величина микродеформаций. Были проанализированы такие параметры, как: изменение базального расстояния, гидратационные состояния вермикулита, площадь удельной поверхности, подробно рассмотрены изотермы адсорбции-десорбции азота с поверхности образцов, построены кинетические зависимости разложения 2,4-дихлорфенола в водном растворе. В результате проделанной работы обнаружен положительный эффект от механохимической и плазмохимической обработки систем на основе вермикулита и диоксида циркония. Полученные образцы обладают развитой морфологией поверхности, при введении диоксида циркония уменьшаются области когерентного рассеивания и происходит накопление микродеформаций, что связано с внедрением Zr4+ в межслойные пространства вермикулита. Использование механохимической и плазмохимической обработки увеличивает как степень разложения (с 60 до 79% при заданных параметрах обработки), так и скорости, энергетические вклады в процесс деструкции, а сама вермикулитовая каталитическая система более эффективна в совмещённых плазменно-каталитических процессах (СПКП) разложения 2,4-ДХФ, чем Pt/Al2O3.
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