INFLUENCE OF THERMAL CRACKING CONDITIONS OF PLASTIC WASTE ON THE COMPOSITION AND YIELD OF PRODUCTS
Abstract
In this study, the composition of the products resulting from the thermal cracking of a mixture of plastic waste was investigated. The mixture included polyethylene (low and high density), polypropylene, polystyrene, and polyethylene terephthalate. The study was conducted under specific process conditions, with temperatures ranging from 450 to 525 °C and durations ranging from 1 to 60 min. It has been ascertained that during the process of cracking (at a temperature of 450 °C and for a duration of 15 min) of the studied mixture of plastic waste, a considerable amount of fractions with boiling points above 360 °C and solid n-alkanes are formed. It has been demonstrated that increasing the duration of the process to 60 min leads to the active destruction of solid n-alkanes, with the concomitant formation of more than 24% wt. of gaseous products. Conversely, increasing the process temperature to 475 ºC allows for the reduction of the cracking duration from 60 to 5 min, thereby facilitating the active destruction of plastic waste and the formation of almost 36% of gasoline and 34% of diesel fractions by weight. The analysis of a mixture of plastic waste subjected to a temperature of 500 °C for a duration of 5 min results in the production of a liquid product that exhibits a content of light fractions analogous to that obtained at 475 °C. However, a predominance of diesel is observed in the liquid product. It has been established that during the process of plastic waste cracking at temperatures ranging from 450 to 500 ºС, destructive processes predominate. At a temperature of 525 °C, condensation reactions occur with the formation of fractions of 200-360 °C and >360 °C from gasoline. As demonstrated in the extant research, the during cracking of plastic waste produces a variety of gaseous by products, including carbon monoxide and dioxide, methane, ethane, propane, n-butane, and n-pentane. It has been established that, in order to obtain a large number of light fractions with minimal yields of by-products, the following conditions must be met: 475 °C and 5 min.
For citation:
Sviridenko N.N., Frolova U.A., Urazov Kh.Kh., Sergeyev N.S. Influence of thermal cracking conditions of plastic waste on the composition and yield of products. ChemChemTech [Izv. Vyssh. Uchebn. Zaved. Khim. Khim. Tekhnol.]. 2025. V. 68. N 8. P. 112-118. DOI: 10.6060/ivkkt.20256808.13t.
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