BIODEGRADATION OF CRYOGELS BASED ON POLYVINYL ALCOHOL AND STARCH WITH GLYCERIN AND BORIC ACID
Abstract
The paper presents information on the production and study of the biodegradability of cryogels based on water-soluble synthetic and natural polymers - polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and starch, and the effect of glycerol and boric acid as a plasticizer and cross-linking agent on these properties. It is shown that the maximum elastic modulus was given by cryogels with the inclusion of boric acid - 18-45 kPa, but they had low biodegradability, losing only 26-30% of the dry matter mass per month in water and soil. The elastic modulus of three-component cryogels "water-PVA-starch" did not exceed 3.8 kPa and decreased with an increase in the proportion of starch in the composition. Biodegradability in water and soil for such cryogels increased to 70-80% in 1-1.5 months with an increase in the proportion of starch in the mixture. For obtaining new materials, the most promising are four-component compositions with the addition of either large doses of glycerol (20%) or boric acid (0.5%). Cryogels based on these solutions had a high elastic modulus - 12.4 and 24 kPa - and high biodegradability in soil - 84 and 64%, respectively. Destruction in soil of all cryogels, except for those cross-linked with boric acid, proceeded with an increase in the total number of soil microflora by 3-60 times and microorganisms utilizing starch by 10-250 times. During destruction in water, cryogels based on starch and starch with glycerol quickly lost their structure, disintegrating into small fragments. An increase in the proportion of PVA in the cryogel ensured long-term preservation of the structure in water and a slow decrease in weight. The most stable samples were based on PVA and PVA with boric acid. Destruction in the soil was externally manifested by a decrease in size - the sample "shrank", loss of structure, unevenness, ruptures, color change due to colonization by microorganisms. The most stable in the soil test were compositions cross-linked with boric acid.
For citation:
Ovsyannikova V.S., Fufaeva M.S., Dragula S.E. Biodegradation of cryogels based on polyvinyl alcohol and starch with glycerin and boric acid. ChemChemTech [Izv. Vyssh. Uchebn. Zaved. Khim. Khim. Tekhnol.]. 2025. V. 68. N 8. P. 126-134. DOI: 10.6060/ivkkt.20256808.8t.
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