PHYSICO-CHEMICAL PROCESSES OF ALKALINE ACTIVATION OF SILICA DURING HEAT TREATMENT IN THE SIO2-NaOH-H2O SYSTEM

DOI: https://doi.org/10.6060/ivkkt.20246704.6947
Keywords: porous glass composite, marshalite, silica fume, sodium hydroxide, hydrosilicates, silicate formation

Abstract

The physicochemical processes during alkaline activation of the SiO2-NaOH-H2O system with crystalline silica have been investigated. The studies were carried out using thermogravimetric, X-ray phase analysis methods and IR spectroscopy data. Compositions with different silicate modulus (SiO2/Na2O 4-7), the amount of the introduced silica fume (10-30%) in substitution of marshalite and the concentration of sodium hydroxide solution (30-60 wt.%) are considered. According to the results of the study, the reactions of interaction of the components and a model of phase transformations in the composition when it is heated to 850 °C are proposed. At the stage of interaction of the components (30-130 °C), hydration processes occur with the formation of sodium hydrosilicate Na2SiO3(OH), with on the surface of which a layer of crystallohydrate water and a water layer to be formed without formation of free water. When the composition is heated to temperatures of 130-300 °С the water layer and then the crystallohydrate water are removed. The removed water interacts with unreacted silica and forms hydrated forms of silica. Upon further heating to temperatures of 310-800 °C, OH groups are removed from sodium hydrosilicates and hydrated forms of silica and it turns into anhydrous silicates. Heating the composition to 850 °C leads to the formation of a pyroplastic mass from a eutectic melt (Na2O·2SiO2–SiO2) and residual silica. The two-stage mechanism of formation of a porous frame is established at the stage of decomposition of sodium hydrosilicate crystallohydrates (80-200 °C) and at the stage of melt foaming at high temperatures (790-850 °C). Foaming occurs due to the removal of water vapor (80-200 °C) and the expansion of the volume of gases (790-850 °C) in the porous structure formed at the first stage of foaming. The developed compound of the high-modulus composition (SiO2/Na2O 5,7) is a basis to obtain a porous glass composite using a two-stage alkaline technology with the introduction of additional oxides that increase chemical resistance. The composition includes the following components, wt.%: marshalite – 50, silica fume – 23, sodium hydroxide – 16, water – 11.

For citation:

Skirdin K.V., Kazmina O.V., Vereshchagin V.I., Rymanova I.E. Physico-chemical processes of alkaline activation of silica during heat treatment in the SiO2-NaOH-H2O system. ChemChemTech [Izv. Vyssh. Uchebn. Zaved. Khim. Khim. Tekhnol.]. 2024. V. 67. N 4. P. 108-114. DOI: 10.6060/ivkkt.20246704.6947.

Author Biographies

Kirill V. Skirdin, Tomsk Polytechnic University

 

The Kizhner Research Center, School of Advanced Manufacturing Technologies, Tomsk Polytechnic University, Lenin Square, 30, Tomsk, 634050, Russia

 

 

Olga V. Kazmina, Tomsk Polytechnic University

2011 – present - Professor of N.M. Kizhner REC

2003 – Associate Professor of the Department of Silicate and Nanomaterials Technology

2001 – Senior Lecturer at the Department of Silicate Technology

1995 – Assistant of the Department of TPU Silicate Technology

Education: in 1989 she graduated with honors from Tomsk Polytechnic Institute with a degree in Chemical Technology of glass and Metals.

Defense of the candidate's dissertation in 1995 .

Defense of the doctoral dissertation in 2010

Vladimir I. Vereshchagin, Tomsk Polytechnic University

Vereshchagin Vladimir Ivanovich, born in 1942, Russian, graduated with honors from Tomsk Polytechnic Institute, Faculty of Chemical Technology in 1964 (qualification of process engineer, specialty Silicate Technology). After completing full–time postgraduate studies at the Tomsk Polytechnic Institute, in 1968 he defended his PhD thesis and was approved for the degree of Candidate of Technical Sciences in the specialty 05.17.11 - Technology of silicate and refractory non-metallic materials.

From 1968 to the present, V.I. Vereshchagin has been working at the Chemical Technology Faculty of Tomsk Polytechnic University (until 18.10.1991 of the Institute), holding the positions of senior engineer, senior lecturer, junior researcher, associate professor, in 1974 he was confirmed in the academic rank of associate professor.

 

Since 1980, V.I. Vereshchagin has been working as the head of the Department of Silicate Technology. In 1983 he defended his doctoral dissertation, in 1985 he was confirmed in the academic title of professor at the Department of Silicate Technology.

In the period from 1991 to 1999. Vereshchagin V.I. was the head of the Department of Physical Chemistry, Technology of Silicates and Inorganic Substances. In 1999, Vereshchagin V.I. re-creates the Department of Silicate Technology, the head of which is currently.

For the period from 1965 to the present, V.I. Vereshchagin has been carrying out pedagogical, educational, methodological, scientific work and the introduction of scientific developments into production. Courses of lectures have been mastered and read in different years in the following disciplines: "Physico-chemical methods of silicate research", "Chemical technology of fine ceramics", "Equipment of glass factories", currently the course "Physical chemistry of refractory non–metallic and silicate materials" is being taught for students of specialty 24.03.04 - Chemical technology of refractory non-metallic and silicate materials, 2 academic disciplines have been published and republished for this course, which is in demand in all universities in Russia and neighboring countries, where silicate specialists are trained. The manuals were awarded diplomas at the competitions of Tomsk Polytechnic University (2001-2003). He manages the final qualifying works of bachelors and masters, supervises postgraduates and doctoral students.

Vereshchagin Vladimir Ivanovich is the author of a number of major scientific papers in the field of chemistry and technology of silicate and refractory non–metallic materials. Currently, he is the head of the Siberian Scientific School in Tomsk in the field of chemistry and technology of silicates, which preserves and develops the traditions of several generations. Within the framework of the priority direction "Industry of nanosystems and materials", he is the head of work in the field of modification with additives of ceramic vitreous and composite materials based on silicates and oxides. A doctoral dissertation was defended in this direction. More than 470 scientific papers have been published, including 6 monographs, 83 copyright certificates and patents for inventions have been obtained. Patented scientific developments are used at enterprises in Siberia and the Urals (Tomsk Plant of Ceramic materials and Products, Art Ceramics Plant, CJSC "Quarry Management", Novosibirsk Electric Vacuum Plant, South Ural Plant of Radio Ceramics, Angarsk Ceramic Plant).

The result of V.I. Vereshchagin's research was the development and development in the Irkutsk region of a new type of silicate raw materials – diopside rocks for the production of fine and construction ceramics in Russia (2003), which allowed expanding the raw material base of ceramic production and improving the quality of products.

The practical implementation of scientific works in industry was awarded with Large gold medals at the exhibitions "Stroysib-2001", "Sibstroytech-2002", "Stroysib-2003", the Exhibition Company "Siberian Fair" Novosibirsk, the Bronze medal of the All-Russian Scientific and Industrial Forum "Russia United 2003" of the Exhibition Joint Stock Company "Nizhny Novgorod Fair".

The complex of scientific works in the field of chemistry and technology of silicates, carried out under the guidance of V.I. Vereshchagin on the topic "Silicate materials based on unconventional types of calcium-magnesium silicate raw materials", was awarded the first prize of the D.I. Mendeleev Higher School of Economics in 1988.

V.I. Vereshchagin has been the head of the Department of Silicate Technology of Tomsk Polytechnic University since 1980 (the department was founded in 1902). He has trained 33 candidates of sciences (8 in the last 5 years), 5 doctors of sciences (3 in the last 5 years) on the subject of the direction. V.I. Vereshchagin's students work at universities in Tomsk, Novosibirsk, Irkutsk, Krasnoyarsk, and Abakan.

Over the past 5 years (2005-2009), more than 135 scientific papers have been published, 53 articles in leading Russian journals and 7 in foreign journals (Journal of the European Ceramic Society, German Ceramic Journal, etc.), 4 publications in journals with a high citation index ("Impact Factor"). 11 patents have been obtained. More than 36 reports have been made at international conferences and symposiums. 6 candidates and 1 Doctor of Sciences have been trained. The result of Vereshchagin's research V.I. the development and development in the Irkutsk region of a new type of silicate raw materials of diopside rocks for the production of fine and construction ceramics in Russia (2003). He is a full member of the International Academy of Higher Education and a member of the Russian Academy of Natural Sciences, Chairman of the Dissertation Council d.212.269.08 at Tomsk Polytechnic University, member of the editorial boards of Russia's leading scientific journals in the field of silicate materials technology: "Glass and Ceramics", "Building Materials", "New Refractories".

V.I. Vereshchagin's scientific and pedagogical activity for a five-year period was awarded with a Certificate of Honor of the Tomsk Region Administration (2002), a Certificate of Honor of the Tomsk City Administration (2002), a Diploma of the Tomsk Region Laureate in Education and Science (2003), a Diploma of the Tomsk Polytechnic University Laureate of the competition of research works (2003), Diploma of the All-Russian Scientific and Industrial Forum "Russia United" Nizhny Novgorod (2004), the Jubilee medal "400 years of the city of Tomsk" (2004), the Certificate of Honor of the editorial board of the scientific, technical and production magazine "Building Materials" (2005).

Awards:

- Honored Chemist of the Russian Federation (1996).

- Order of Honor (2000).

- Honored Scientist (2008).

Irina E. Rymanova, Tomsk Polytechnic University

In 1983, she entered the Tomsk Polytechnic Institute at the Faculty of Chemistry and Technology and graduated in 1989 with a degree in Chemical Technology of Plastics. After graduating from the Institute, she joined the ONPO "Plastpolymer" in Tomsk and worked as an engineer until 1995.

In 1993 she entered the Tomsk State Pedagogical Institute at the Faculty of Foreign Languages, in 1998 she graduated and received the qualification of "Teacher of English and German. Translator-referent" in the specialty "Philology".

He has been working at Tomsk Polytechnic University since 1999 as a teacher of English of the 11th grade, then of the 13th grade, head of UMTSNAP HTF. Since 2010, after the reorganization of the Polytechnic University, he has been working as a specialist in educational and methodological work in the Department of Foreign Languages of the SBIP, actively engaged in scientific activities in the field of information technology. During her work experience at TPU, she published 32 scientific articles and teaching aids for chemistry students (co-authors - T.S. Petrovskaya, A.V. Makarovskikh). In 2013, the textbook "English for chemical engineers" (co-authors T.S. Petrovskaya, A.V. Makarovskikh) received the UMO stamp. 5 electronic courses have been developed on the Moodle platform for undergraduates and postgraduates. In 2021, she received a diploma of the second degree for the development of an online course "Practical course supporting English language learning for the 2nd year students, semester 3".

In 2017. She graduated from graduate school and qualified as a Research Teacher.

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Published
2024-03-04
How to Cite
Skirdin, K. V., Kazmina, O. V., Vereshchagin, V. I., & Rymanova, I. E. (2024). PHYSICO-CHEMICAL PROCESSES OF ALKALINE ACTIVATION OF SILICA DURING HEAT TREATMENT IN THE SIO2-NaOH-H2O SYSTEM. ChemChemTech, 67(4), 108-114. https://doi.org/10.6060/ivkkt.20246704.6947
Issue
Vol 67 No 4 (2024)
Section
CHEMICAL TECHNOLOGY (inorganic and organic substances. Theoretical fundamentals)

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